Thabo Sibanda

Manganese is a critical metal in the production of lithium-ion battery precursors, as it enhances safety, stability, and overall battery performance by enabling higher efficiency and faster charging. To achieve these benefits, battery-grade manganese, specifically High Purity Manganese Sulphate Monohydrate (HPMSM, MnSO4·H2O) is required. Conventionally, HPMSM is produced through the purification of industrial manganese sulphate (MnSO4) pregnant leach solution using electrowinning, a process involving reductive precipitation. However, this method is energy-intensive, has a significant large carbon footprint, and produces large amounts of waste, making it less sustainable.

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Industrial manganese sulphate solution

My research focused on an alternative approach: the purification of industrial MnSO4 pregnant leach solution through chemical precipitation. This method is particularly important for South Africa, which holds the largest global reserves of manganese ore deposits and has the potential to become a key supplier of HPMSM. Chemical precipitation offers a cheaper, easier-to-operate, and more environmentally friendly alternative to conventional electrowinning. My study combined both simulation and laboratory-based experiments to explore the feasibility and efficiency of this process.

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Observing an experiment

During the first semester of my first year, I dedicated significant time to reading and familiarizing myself with my research project. This involved reviewing and under-standing an average of five scientific papers per week, which helped me build a strong foundation in the field. By the end of the semester, I successfully completed the required course on Research Communication and Methodology (CHE5055F), achieving a score of 74%. This course equipped me with essential skills in project management, scientific communication, and effective scientific writing, all of which are critical for becoming a competent researcher.

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At the CPU lab

Following the course, I presented my research proposal to an audience of over 15 people in the Chemical Engineering Building at the University of Cape Town. Building on the knowledge gained, I integrated scientific theory, relevant research articles, and advanced software tools, specifically OLI Studio: Stream Analyzer 11.5 - to source materials for my experiments and design a functional laboratory setup. Through this process, I identified key factors, such as pH and time, that significantly influence the purification process, aligning my findings with established scientific principles.

Additionally, I established my workstation in the crystallization and precipitation unit within the Chemical Engineering Building at the University of Cape Town, as illustrated in Figure 2. This setup enabled me to conduct experiments efficiently and contributed to the successful execution of my research.

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Purified manganese wet powder

Being the recipient of the Helmut & Babs Amos Scholarship has been an extraordinary honor and a life-changing opportunity. This scholarship enabled me to pursue a master’s degree that once seemed beyond my reach. With their generous financial support, I was able to fully dedicate myself to my studies and research without the burden of financial stress. For this, I am deeply and sincerely grateful.

Throughout this journey, I have gained invaluable skills and knowledge that will significantly contribute to my professional growth as a chemical engineer. I have enhanced my technical abilities, including data analysis and laboratory skills, as well as developed essential soft skills such as problem-solving, interpersonal communication, and teamwork.

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At the Mining Indaba Conference

Additionally, the DAAD-Stiftung scholarship provided me with the opportunity to attend world-class conferences, such as the Mining Indaba in Cape Town in both 2024 and 2025. These experiences have broadened my perspective, allowed me to network with industry leaders, and deepened my understanding of global trends and challenges in the field.

The DAAD-Stiftung scholarship made a profound difference in my life. It allowed me to fully focus on my research and enjoy the process without the stress of tuition and accommodation fees. This financial support also gave me the opportunity to pursue one of my passions: tutoring. I am currently mentoring third and final-year chemical engineering students in their design projects, sharing the knowledge and skills I have gained throughout my academic journey.

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At the University of Cape Town

My master’s journey has been transformative, instilling in me a deep sense of confidence and proving to myself that I can achieve anything I set my mind to. In February 2025, I submitted my master’s thesis and it is currently under examination.

The success of my research was recognized internationally when my supervisor, Professor Lewis Emslie Alison, presented my work at the BIWIC conference at Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands, in September 2024. The positive feedback and praise I received motivated me to publish my findings, and as of 15 March 2025, my manuscript is under review.

Looking ahead, my next step is to transition into the professional world. I am eager to apply my theoretical knowledge and practical experience to solve real-world industrial challenges. My goal is to begin my career as a process engineer with a specialization in data science, where I can contribute to innovative solutions and drive progress in the field.